Sunday, January 29, 2012

Moses’ Calling; “Who Am I?”

God calls all of His people to serve in some way. Paul tells the Corinthians as he teaches them about spiritual gifts, ” But one and the same Spirit works all these things, distributing to each one individually as He wills.” (1 Corinthians 12:11) and “But now God has set the members, each one of them, in the body just as He pleased.” (1 Corinthians 12:18) God calls, gifts and employs the members of His Church as He wills. The question is, How has He called, gifted and employed you as a member of His Church?
Who Am I? – SERMON AUDIO
As we read Exodus, chapters three and four, we see God’s preparation and calling of Moses to be the leader and redeemer of His people from the slavery of Egypt. God created Him for that very purpose, bringing him through the decree of Pharaoh to kill the male babies of the Israelites, making him a prince of Egypt and putting in he heart to look upon the affliction of his brothers. Yet Moses failed the first time he set out to redeem his people (See previous post, The Birth of Moses and the Providence of God). As we enter the third chapter of Exodus, we see that God has not given up, but was waiting for the appropriate time to call Moses to the task for which He had created him.
Exodus 3:7-10  And the LORD said: “I have surely seen the oppression of My people who are in Egypt, and have heard their cry because of their taskmasters, for I know their sorrows.  8  So I have come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up from that land to a good and large land, to a land flowing with milk and honey, to the place of the Canaanites and the Hittites and the Amorites and the Perizzites and the Hivites and the Jebusites.  9  Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel has come to Me, and I have also seen the oppression with which the Egyptians oppress them.  10  Come now, therefore, and I will send you to Pharaoh that you may bring My people, the children of Israel, out of Egypt.”
Even though God had done everything to prepare him for the task, Moses was too focused on himself and his own failures to see that it was God’s power and authority that would be used through him to accomplish God’s purpose.
Exodus 3:11  But Moses said to God, “Who am I that I should go to Pharaoh, and that I should bring the children of Israel out of Egypt?”
Exodus 3:13  Then Moses said to God, “Indeed, when I come to the children of Israel and say to them, ‘The God of your fathers has sent me to you,’ and they say to me, ‘What is His name?’ what shall I say to them?”
Exodus 4:1  Then Moses answered and said, “But suppose they will not believe me or listen to my voice; suppose they say, ‘The LORD has not appeared to you.’ ”
Exodus 4:10  Then Moses said to the LORD, “O my Lord, I am not eloquent, neither before nor since You have spoken to Your servant; but I am slow of speech and slow of tongue.”
Exodus 4:13  But he said, “O my Lord, please send by the hand of whomever else You may send.”
In a sense, it is good to acknowledge our own weakness and our need for God to do the work through us. Moses takes it a little too far and tries to get God to call someone else. But to each of Moses’ doubts, God answers with His own sufficiency.
  • When Moses asked, “Who am I that I should go to Pharaoh…? God said, “ So He said, “I will certainly be with you.” (Exodus 3: 12)
  • When he needed assurance that they would receive him asking, Whom shall I say sent me? (vs. 13) God says, “Thus you shall say to the children of Israel, ‘I AM has sent me to you.’ “  (Exodus 3: 14)
  • When he says, They won’t believe me!” God answers by giving him miraculous signs to perform (Exodus 4:2-10)
  • When Moses complains that he isn’t good with words, God says to him, “Now therefore, go, and I will be with your mouth and teach you what you shall say.” (Exodus 4:12)
  • Only when Moses suggest that God send someone else does God get angry. Yet God supplies him with the help of Aaron, his brother to get the job done. (Exodus 4:14-16)
Likewise, God gifts and prepares all of His servants. Feeling inadequate is good for us, but it is not an excuse to refuse to serve God. We must remember that we are not able or even worthy to serve the living God. But He enables us and works through us to accomplish His purpose through us.
1 Corinthians 1:25-27  Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men, and the weakness of God is stronger than men.  26  For you see your calling, brethren, that not many wise according to the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called.  27  But God has chosen the foolish things of the world to put to shame the wise, and God has chosen the weak things of the world to put to shame the things which are mighty;
This does not mean that we should try to things that we are not called to do, but to trust God that as He puts it in our hearts to serve in a particular place in the Church, that He will gift us and prepare us to do the work that He has called us to do. We all have the call to evangelize and disciple, to live godly lives in the world. We cannot even do these basic things without God working in us and through us.  We need to count on the I AM do work with the power that we could never produce. There is a lot more to this. I hope that you will listen to the audio of the sermon and search your own heart to see what God is calling on you to do. It will likely seem to big a task for you to do in your own strength so then, once it is done, He alone will get the glory!
Who Am I? – SERMON AUDIO
In Christ!
Kevin

Tuesday, January 24, 2012

Believe That I AM

The place where many miss it, is in their understanding of who Jesus is. Jesus was not shy about sharing that information. In The Gospel of John, chapter 8, He spends 51 verses clearing the air about it. He begins this section by saying… ” I am the light of the world. He who follows Me shall not walk in darkness, but have the light of life.” (John 8:12 ) Light is the thing that reveals knowledge. When you walk into a dark room, you know nothing of what is in it until you turn on the light. The Apostle Paul said exactly this to the Ephesian Christians.   “But all things that are exposed are made manifest by the light, for whatever makes manifest is light.” (Ephesians 5:13)

Believe That I AM – SERMON AUDIO

Jesus is the Light of the World. He is the One who reveals the truth to us about ourselves and about God.  That truth is that we need a Savior. We are in darkness and we need to be shown who we are (rebels against the Holy God who created us), and who God is (One who loves us enough to take on human flesh to redeem us and bring us back to Himself). Usually, we are too block-headed to get it. We are too absorbed in our sin and rebellion, so much so that we don’t even realize that it exists. We thing God ought to be satisfied with us just as we are though try to use Him to our own ends rather than subject ourselves to His. Humanity is both wicked and blind.
Much of the reason we do not understand that Jesus truly is God in Human Flesh is because we automatically downplay the intensity of our sin (which happens to be a still greater rebellion). In order for man to be reconciled to the God against whom he has committed treason, God must be the Initiator. He must be God to be a sufficient Sacrifice. He must be man to be a real one. He became the Second Adam ( See Romans 5 and 1 Corinthians 15), the new Representative for the redeemed human race. His perfections are imputed to those who put their trust in Him. This could not be done with a mere man. And God did it in such a way as to accomplish His original purpose in us. To restore us and to give us what Adam lost in his rebellion.
And so, the Jews were perplexed by Him;
John 8:25  Then they said to Him, “Who are You?” And Jesus said to them, “Just what I have been saying to you from the beginning.
That is the question that needs to be answered. They should have known, they had the Scriptures, they saw the works that Jesus did. But they would not acknowledge who He is.  Why? Because it takes a dose of great humility. They were more concerned about their own ability and their own righteousness.
John 8:40-45  But now you seek to kill Me, a Man who has told you the truth which I heard from God. Abraham did not do this.  41  You do the deeds of your father.” Then they said to Him, “We were not born of fornication; we have one Father–God.”  42  Jesus said to them, “If God were your Father, you would love Me, for I proceeded forth and came from God; nor have I come of Myself, but He sent Me.  43  Why do you not understand My speech? Because you are not able to listen to My word.  44  You are of your father the devil, and the desires of your father you want to do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaks a lie, he speaks from his own resources, for he is a liar and the father of it.  45  But because I tell the truth, you do not believe Me.
They did ultimately kill Him for what He said about them and about Himself. Yet even this was a part of God’s plan (See Acts 4:27-28). All in order to redeem the rebels! All done by God Himself. Jesus ends this conversation with the bold statement of His deity.
John 8:58-59  Jesus said to them, “Most assuredly, I say to you, before Abraham was, I AM.”  59  Then they took up stones to throw at Him; but Jesus hid Himself and went out of the temple, going through the midst of them, and so passed by.
The Name that God gave for Himself to Moses at the burning bush is the Name that Jesus claims here (See Exodus 3:13-14). In acknowledging who He is we also must realize our own helplessness. We must see that our sins have separated us from God. That He is the rightful Judge of the universe. That unless and until He comes to take us back, we have no more hope of being reconciled to Him that a guilty traitor has of regaining the friendship of his king on his own terms. Jesus is God. He is the One who has come to save us from our rebellion, from the sin that we have committed against Him. He is the love of God that pardons the guilty and establishes him as a son. Only God can do that.
Listen to the audio and consider what He says about Himself!

Believe That I AM – SERMON AUDIO

In Christ!
Kevin

Monday, January 23, 2012

What Is Christian Apologetics?

GARDEN CITY CHURCH MENS MNISTRY
Christians need to know what they believe and how to defend and share their faith! The Apostle  Peter made this plain as he wrote to the Christians in Asia Minor in the first century saying, ” But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts, and always be ready to give a defense to everyone who asks you a reason for the hope that is in you, with meekness and fear;” (1 Peter 3:15 ) This he wrote to the average Christian in the pew, so to speak. It is one of my passions to help my Brothers and Sisters in Christ fulfill this command.
Ready To Give An Answer – LESSON AUDIO
I had the opportunity last Saturday to meet with a few of them and share my most recent paper on the subject which I wrote for my current seminary studies at The North American Reformed Seminary.   We all need to be “Ready To Give An Answer.” I encourage you to check out the paper, its the post on the blog here entitled Ready To Give An Answer. Isn’t that convenient? You can listen and read as I read and discuss the paper in the lesson above or just read or listen.
A friend of mine who is an apologist himself said this of the paper, ” it’s one of the most concise, clear and useful short expositions on the matter that I’ve seen.” you can check out his ministry, Applied Apologetics. Read, listen, learn and enjoy! I pray that the Lord strengthens you as you share the Gospel with those He bring across your path.

In Christ!
Kevin

Sunday, January 22, 2012

The Birth of Moses and the Providence of God

What do you think about when things are at their worst? Do you doubt God and His goodness? At times it can be very difficult to keep the faith. However, God never promised that life would always be good and things would always be easy. We live in a world that is cursed by our own rebellion, yet we live in the midst of God’s plan to redeem. As we await the completion of that plan we experience sin, sorrow, suffering and death. Not because God is not good or powerful enough to do otherwise, but because He is just we are all sinners.

God Remembered His Covenant – SERMON AUDIO

As we approach the second chapter of the Book of Exodus, we see God’s plan being worked out in its early stages. He has made a promise to Abraham to use his family to bring about the redemption of those who would believe (See Genesis 12-15). Moses begins the history of Exodus by telling us that it is Abraham’s family that is the object it all. Everything that is done from here on out is a result of God’s promise to redeem in spite of man’s sin and rebellion against Him.
Genesis 15:13-14  Then He said to Abram: “Know certainly that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not theirs, and will serve them, and they will afflict them four hundred years.  14  And also the nation whom they serve I will judge; afterward they shall come out with great possessions.
The Pharaoh is set against the plan of God and persecutes Israel to the point of killing their newborn sons in order to try and limit their numbers and their power. When things are at their worst, God begins to work (See post, What is the Fear of the Lord?) Here we enter Exodus 2;
Exodus 2:1-4  And a man of the house of Levi went and took as wife a daughter of Levi.  2  So the woman conceived and bore a son. And when she saw that he was a beautiful child, she hid him three months.  3  But when she could no longer hide him, she took an ark of bulrushes for him, daubed it with asphalt and pitch, put the child in it, and laid it in the reeds by the river’s bank.  4  And his sister stood afar off, to know what would be done to him.
The writer to the New Testament Epistle to the Hebrews tells us that this was not done in fear of the Pharaoh’s edict and power. “By faith Moses, when he was born, was hidden three months by his parents, because they saw he was a beautiful child; and they were not afraid of the king’s command. “ (Hebrews 11:23) There are a lot of details that fill in this story when we begin to read and understand it.
  • Pharaoh’s Daughter, probably the sister of the reigning Pharaoh seemingly had no son of her own. Her firstborn son had the right to inherit the throne.
  • Moses was a “beautiful child.” I believe that this means he was really a good looking kid.
  • Amram and Jochebed (Moses’ parents) acted in faith as they put their child in the Nile near where she would be bathing.
God brought all the right things together at the right time, yet this was just the beginning of God working His plan. It would be another 40 years before Moses felt compelled to deliver his brothers (Exodus 2:11-15). Then he would spend another 40 years learning to be a husband, a father and a shepherd in the land of Midian. God was in no hurry, but His timing was perfect. After all of this we read toward the end of the chapter;
Exodus 2:23-25  Now it happened in the process of time that the king of Egypt died. Then the children of Israel groaned because of the bondage, and they cried out; and their cry came up to God because of the bondage.  24  So God heard their groaning, and God remembered His covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.  25  And God looked upon the children of Israel, and God acknowledged them.
It was never that God had forgotten that covenant. He was preparing His deliverer all the time. The people of Israel were not ready to be delivered yet as we see in Exodus 2:14 as they react to Moses’ first attempt to save them. God had governed all things as the appointed day was approaching. We read that “God remembered His covenant…” because that was the basis of His actions and they became evident at that time. Now God is ready to move on their behalf and He will do it in a might way. This begins to take shape in the next chapter.

God not only governs those specific events like the birth and ministry of Moses. Romans 8:28 tells us,  “And we know that all things work together for good to those who love God, to those who are the called according to His purpose.” God governs all things for His good purposes. His goal was not just to redeem the people of Israel, but though them to bring the Messiah, Jesus Christ into the world so that He could redeem all who would follow Him by faith. Just like Amram and Jochebed acted on faith when things seemed hopeless, we cannot assess God’s goodness of faithfulness by our circumstances all of the time. But as we know that He is faithful, we will endure those difficult times looking to His final redemption at the end of the age. He has proved His power in overtaking the most powerful earthly king as His people never lifted more than a staff. He is faithful. He can do what He has promised. The dark times are often the times that faith is the most important.

There is a lot more in the sermon. I encourage you to listen to the audio by clicking on the link below!

God Remembered His Covenant – SERMON AUDIO
In Christ!
Kevin

Friday, January 20, 2012

Ready To Give An Answer

As I read, study and contemplate the concepts and practical applications of Christian Apologetics my mind comes back again to the primary text so often used to call us to the task. The Apostle Peter is writing to “common” Christians as he instructs them in the midst of great political strife and real danger to themselves and their property. Philip Schaff tells us of the time of writing of Peter’s Epistles, “And Peter, in his first Epistle, which may be assigned to the same year (64 A.D.), immediately after the outbreak of the persecution, and shortly before his death, warns the Christians in Asia Minor of a fiery trial which is to try them, and of sufferings already endured or to be endured, not for any crime, but for the name of ‘Christians.’ ” (History of the Christian Church, Vol. 1, Ch. VI) Peter speaks to them very directly as he says; “But even if you should suffer for righteousness’ sake, you will be blessed. Have no fear of them, nor be troubled, but in your hearts honor Christ the Lord as holy, always being prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you; yet do it with gentleness and respect, having a good conscience, so that, when you are slandered, those who revile your good behavior in Christ may be put to shame.” (1Pe 3:14-16 ESV) These Christians did not have time to take classes in the trends of philosophy or the subtle nuances of rhetorical devices. They were simply called to give a reasoned defense for the faith which they had come to embrace. John Calvin comments on this passage;
But it ought to be noticed, that Peter here does not command us to be prepared to solve any question that may be mooted; for it is not the duty of all to speak on every subject. But it is the general doctrine that is meant, which belongs to the ignorant and the simple (i.e. “common” Christians). Then Peter had in view no other thing, than that Christians should make it evident to unbelievers that they truly worshiped God, and had a holy and good religion. And in this there is no difficulty, for it would be strange if we could bring nothing to defend our faith when any one made inquiries respecting it. For we ought always to take care that all may know that we fear God, and that we piously and reverently regard his legitimate worship.
This was also required by the state of the times: the Christian name was much hated and deemed infamous; many thought the sect wicked and guilty of many sacrileges. It would have been, therefore, the highest perfidy against God, if, when asked, they had neglected to give a testimony in favor of their religion. And this, as I think, is the meaning of the word apology, which Peter uses, that is, that the Christians were to make it evident to the world that they were far off from every impiety, and did not corrupt true religion, on which account they were suspected by the ignorant. (Commentary on 1 Peter)
With this said, we may draw some parallels and some distinctions between ourselves and the Believers in Asia Minor in the first century. Like them we are called, one and all, to make a defense or an apology for our faith. We can also see that our primary apologetic or defense is the example of our lives; lives lived in faith and obedience and showing he fruit of moral purity and love to God and man.
The idea Calvin gives of the word apology may be a bit short of its complete meaning. The general understanding of the term in our own day is that it is a logical or reasoned defense that is in view here1. Other places in the New Testament it certainly carries the idea of a reasonable and stated defense. It is used of Paul’s defense of himself and his doctrine as he stood before the men of Ephesus (Act s 19:33), the crowd in Jerusalem (Acts 22:1) and Festus (Acts 26:24). In these cases, Paul defended his doctrine and gave testimony to the things Christ had done, including His death and resurrection. Therefore, I believe that like those Christians, we too should be able to answer our culture with reasonable statements defending the doctrines of the Christian Faith. However, on the contrary side of this, since we do not live in a superstitious culture like pagan Rome where a multitude of gods are worshiped by the majority of our fellow citizens, we need not only show that we really believe in and worship a God that calls us to moral purity and love, but also answer the questions and criticisms which our own culture directs toward us and the body of doctrine that we hold to.
One other parallel needs to be mentioned though, just like those Christians in Asia Minor were not apostles but “common” Christians, most of us are common Christians too. We certainly do not have the theological training and experience that the Apostle had (let alone his calling). Those Christians in Asia Minor were commanded to make a defense for their faith just the same. So, how does the 21st Century “Joe Christian” carry out this command?
I greatly appreciate the opportunities I presently have, and those I have had in the past, to dig deeper than the “common” Christian into these matters. I have read Justin Martyrs, Apology and his Dialogue with Trypho the Jew, Thomas Aquinas’ Summa Theologica, and Reformers like John Calvin in his Institutes, John Owen’s Biblical Theology, and Stephen Charnock’s Existence and Attributes of God. As for more recent defenders of the Faith, I have spent countless hours trying to grasp Van Til, Bahnsen, Frame and Schaeffer through a number of their books, treatises and articles. I have benefited from that time and grown in the certainty of my own faith and the knowledge of how I might best defend it. Yet, for the most part, it seems that when I try to communicate these vital concepts to “common” Christians it is like Beethoven trying to talk to me about music or Einstein giving me informal instruction on theoretical physics. I lack the frame of reference to make those discussions meaningful. Though I appreciate music and even play a little bit of guitar, I lack concrete understanding of music theory. For instance, what is it in a key signature that dictates where the sharps and flats should go? I have no idea! Though I know that I could not live without the laws of physics and recognize their value, I do not grasp the complex mathematical equations that explain them.
Just as I am grateful for Beethoven and Einstein, I am grateful for Van Til, Bahnsen, Frame and Schaeffer, as well as the thinking of men like Calvin, Owen, and Charnock who helped to lead these men to a Biblical critique of the field of Apologetics. These great minds stretch the limits of my thinking and their contributions to defending the faith are remarkable. Yet, I don’t know if I will ever be in a formal debate with someone of the reputation and learning of a Dr. Gordon Stein. It is far more likely that I will be defending my faith to a “common” skeptic. Just as I can entertain someone or lead worship playing a dozen or so chords and hopefully carrying a decent melody, I believe that one can carry a good argument based on the fundamentals that are not necessarily grasped in great detail at the technical level. As a pastor, it is my goal to help “common” Christians do the latter, not the former. In this paper, it will be my goal to make the concepts taught by these great men as tangible as possible to those “common” Christians. I will attempt to break down the general line of reasoning used by the big brains, and apply it to a question asked by a friend of mine who was recently stymied by an unbeliever. I believe that if I can teach my friend (and other “common” Christians) to begin with the right assumptions in their understanding of man and God and also to ask the right questions, that the answers will become, more of less, self-apparent.
Following Bahnsen’s Lead
It is my goal to follow the basic outline of Dr. Bahnsen’s argument in what is commonly called The Great Debate. However, he does not state the foundation of his reasoning at the outset but mentions it briefly at the close of the debate. Apologist John Frame says, “Good teaching proceeds from the known to the unknown. So a good apologist will want to have some idea of what an inquirer already knows about God.” (Unregenerate Knowledge of God). Bahnsen has certainly done his homework on this. In his closing statements he says this;
But, atheists, of course, use science and morality. In this argument atheists give continual evidence to the fact that in their heart of hearts they are not atheists. In their heart of hearts they know the God I’m talking about. This God made them, reveals Himself continually to them through the natural order, through their conscience, and through their very use of reason.
They know this God, and they suppress the truth about him. One of the ways that we know that they suppress the truth about him is because they do continue to use the laws of logic, science and morality though their world view doesn’t account for them. (pg. 35)
Frame covers the idea in a little more detail in his brief article, He instructs us that, “From this passage [Romans 1:18-32], we can understand the senses in which the unregenerate [non-Christians] do and do not know God. They know God as they are confronted by his revelation. Other Scriptures tell us that this revelation is found not only in the natural world, but in their own persons, for we are all made in God’s image (Gen. 1:27). So God’s revelation is inescapable. But apart from the special revelation and saving grace of God, people exchange this truth for lies and engage in such wickedness that they become enemies of God, not friends.” (Ibid) So we must clearly begin with a knowledge that we are speaking to willful rebels, but rebels who are made in the image of God and who have an inherent knowledge of Him which they are suppressing. This is like speaking to an addict about dealing with his addiction. He knows the problem but he has convinced himself that it is a non-issue. “I can quit whenever I want” he says to himself. Yet he is caught and can’t see the truth of the matter because he really does not want to or is unprepared to deal with the consequences of such and admission.
Once we have the proper understanding of the skeptic’s mind, the discussion is, in essence, as a three step process, 1) Expose the “Myth of Neutrality,” 2) Uncover the Logical End of the Opponent’s Reasoning, and 3) Establish the “Biblical Worldview.” All the while, we must also be trusting that God will, by His grace, open the sealed crypt of their hearts. This seems to be the general method employed by Dr. Bahnsen in his debate with Gordon Stein.
Step 1) Exposing the Myth of neutrality. In his opening statement, Dr. Bahnsen analyzes Dr. Stein’s concept of evidence. First he points to the Nature of Evidence. He says of Dr. Stein;
He writes, and I quote, “The question of the existence of God is a factual question, and should be answered in the same way as any other factual questions.”
The assumption that all existence claims are questions about matters of fact, the assumption that all of these are answered in the very same way is not only over simplified and misleading, it is simply mistaken. The existence, factuality or reality of different kinds of things is not established or disconfirmed in the same way in every case” (pg. 2-3)
Prejudice is evidenced in Stein’s statement. He has naturalistic and empirical standards that he imposes on the evidence.
  • Naturalism is the idea that nature is its own creator. There is no “supernatural,” Therefore, matter, plus time, plus space, plus chance accounts for all that is.
  • Empiricism is trying to explain the nature of the universe from the observable facts using our five senses, according to the scientific method.
These underlying concepts are framing the argument rather than seeking to answer the question of God’s existence. Based on the above concepts, there is no room for Him in their thinking. Therefore, the severe limitations of empirical standards of knowledge are intentionally disregarded by Dr. Stein. In his work, The Doctrine of the Knowledge of God, John Frame says this about Empiricism, under the heading Empiricism Too Limited;
If we consistently followed an empirical approach to knowledge, we would have to abandon many claims to knowledge that otherwise we would make without hesitation. (i) Empiricism cannot justify a general proposition such as “all men are mortal” or “F=MA.” Such general propositions always go beyond anything we can observe, because they encompass the whole universe. Similarly, the propositions of logic and mathematics, propositions that claim to be universally true, cannot be established on an empirical basis. (ii) Empiricism cannot justify any statements about the future, for no one has known the future by sense-experience, and so empiricism cannot justify scientific prediction. Thus we must either drastically limit the scope of what we call “knowledge” or else abandon empiricism. (iii) As Hume [David Hume was an 18th Century Naturalist Philosopher] pointed out, empiricism cannot justify any statements about ethical values. Statements about sensible facts do not imply anything about ethical goodness or badness, right or wrong, or obligation or prohibition. But…, epistemology [how we know what we know] is a subdivision of ethics, and knowledge depends on our adoption and use of ethical values. If empiricism cannot justify the language about empirical values, then it cannot justify any claim to knowledge. (iv) Therefore empiricism cannot justify empiricism. For empiricism is a view of how one ought (an ethical “ought”) to justify his beliefs, and on an empiricist basis, we cannot justify from sense-experience the proposition that we ought to justify our beliefs that way. (pg. 117-118)
Dr Bahnsen goes on to equate Stein’s idea of proving God’s existence with “finding a box of crackers in the pantry” saying, “Just think of the difference in argumentation and the types of evidences used by biologists, grammarians, physicists, mathematicians, lawyers, magicians, mechanics, merchants, and artists. It should be obvious that the types of evidence one looks for in existence of factual claims will be determined by the field of discussion and especially by the metaphysical nature of the entity mentioned in the claim under question.” (pg. 3) Even if we take the view that empiricism is valid, we must agree that Stein’s idea that a homogenous method of “facts and logic” is too simple to accommodate the evidence required in any particular field of inquiry, particularly the study of God and the question of His existence. But this is only the first part of the problem with the naturalistic, empirical approach.
Next, Dr. Bahnsen points to the way Dr. Stein uses logic to handle the evidence under his second headding, The Presuppositional conflict of World Views. He says,
I take it he wishes to judge hypotheses in the common sense – by tests of logical coherence and empirical observation. The problem arises when Dr. Stein elsewhere insists that every claim that someone makes must be treated as a hypothesis which must be tested by such evidence before accepting it. “There is to be nothing,” he says, “which smacks of begging the question or circular reasoning.”
This, I think, is oversimplified thinking and again misleading, what we might call the Pretended Neutrality fallacy. One can see this by considering the following quotation from Dr. Stein: “The use of logic or reason is the only valid way to examine the truth or falsity of any statement which claims to be factual.” One must eventually ask Dr. Stein, then, how he proves this statement itself. That is, how does he prove that logic or reason is the only way to prove factual statements?
He is now on the horns of a real epistemological dilemma (How can he really know?). If he says that the statement is true by logic or reason, then he is engaging in circular reasoning; and he’s begging the question which he [supposedly] forbids. If he says that the statement is proven in some other fashion, then he refutes the statement itself, that logic or reason is the only way to prove things. (pg. 3-4)
Dr Stein presupposes fundamental concepts (i.e., empirical data collected though the five senses and logic based on naturalistic bias as the standard of truth) and he limits the discussion with those presuppositions. Thus again, he is framing the discussion rather than discussing the issue at hand. If the evidence submitted does not fit his pre-commitments, then he rejects it without having given it serious consideration. Is this how “science” is really done? Do we establish artificial barriers to our research based on our own philosophical predispositions and call it neutral? This is as “circular” as any argument for the existence of God might be deemed. In his article A Van Til Glossary, John Frame defines a circular argument, “ (1) argument in which the conclusion of an argument is one of its premises; (2) argument assuming something that would ordinarily not be assumed by someone who didn’t believe the conclusion.” Stein’s pre-commitment to naturalism and empiricism certainly fit that definition.
Following those pre-commitments, he will unavoidably distort the data that he is given. Assuming neutrality, he spins the data to fit his method of interpretation. He believes that the data or “facts” speak for themselves. This is what Van Til called a “brute fact” (Christian – Theistic Evidences, Introduction). Van Til also said that they do not exist, at least from the limited, human perspective. Therefore, the bias of the naturalist is revealed when he is under scrutiny and the basis of his empiricism is shown not to be derived from a neutral position, but from serious, fact-altering presuppositions. His “world view” is the defining aspect of his interaction with and interpretation of the data. That world view must be recognized and acknowledged in order for the discussion to take place on the plane of reality. Again, Frame provides a definition for us, this time of the concept of world view, “(also, world-and-life view): A philosophy, particularly a metaphysic. A way of understanding reality that governs all thought and life.” (A Van Til Glossary) The biggest problem with a world view is that most people do not acknowledge the bias that results from them and they pretend that their view is actually neutral when it is not. Only upon acknowledgment their prejudices can we have an honest discussion.
Step 2) Uncovering the logical end of our opponent’s reasoning. Therefore we begin by establishing the fact that we all spin the facts to fit our predetermined scheme of the universe. The question is whether we can justify that spin. Once we have uncovered our opponent’s bias and the “myth of neutrality” is revealed, the next thing we must do is to examine how his pre-committments have affected his logic and have brought him to a wrong conclusion. Dr. Bahnesn does this by appealing to the concept of logic and the laws that govern it. He demands that Dr. Stein demonstrate how the naturalistic world view can account for this. Again, naturalism assumes that the universe is the result of matter moving randomly through time and space and producing everything by chance. If this is the reality that accounts for our universe, should we expect order or chaos? The laws of logic are universal, invariant and absolute as well as being non-material in nature. Simply stated, basic rules of logic tell us, “it is what it is.” A is always A no matter where you are in the universe and whether you actually experience A or not. And so, Dr. Bahnsen requests of Dr. Stein, “I’d like to know, in an atheist universe, how is it possible to have laws in the first place. And secondly, how it is possible to justify those laws?” (pg. 15) Dr Stein says they are simply “conventional” or concepts agreed on by men (pg. 11). Dr. Bahnsen therefore points out;
That is to say, in the atheist conception of the world, there’s really no reason to debate; because in the end, as Dr. Stein has said, all these laws are conventional. All these laws are not really law-like in their nature, they’re just, well, if you’re an atheist and materialist [naturalist], you’d have to say they’re just something that happens inside the brain.
But you see, what happens inside your brain is not what happens inside my brain. Therefore, what happens inside your brain is not a law. It doesn’t necessarily correspond to what happens in mine. In fact, it can’t be identical with what is inside my mind or brain, because we don’t have the same brain.
As the laws of logic come down to being materialistic entities, then they no longer have their law-like character. If they are only social conventions, then, of course, what we might do to limit debate is just define a new set of laws. and ask for all who want the convention that says, “Atheism must be true or theism must be true, and we have the following laws that we conventionally adopt to prove it,” and see who’d be satisfied.
But no one can be satisfied without a rational procedure to follow. The laws of logic can not be avoided, the laws of logic can not be accounted for in a Materialist universe. Therefore, the laws of logic are one of the many evidences that without God you can’t prove anything at all. (pg. 16)
Thus, in order for Dr. Stein (or anyone who subscribes to naturalism [materialism] and the use of logic to explain the universe through empirical data) to demonstrate his world view successfully, he must use laws which his world view cannot account for. His final answer regarding their existence is often in essence, “They just are” (pg.11) Dr Stein states “An atheist’s universe, then, goes on the basis of the fact that matter has certain intrinsic behavior patterns.” (pg. 17) Other atheists have stated this in a more technical form. One man named Stephen Weinberg points to the “anthropic principle,” which he calls “a nice non-theistic explanation of why things are as nice as they are.” The principle, in its weak form, states “that the laws of nature must allow for the appearance of living beings capable of studying the laws of nature.” (Steven Weinberg on Religion and Science) In other words, the fact that we’re here asking where we came from proves that nature can produce a man capable of asking where he came from. If that is not circular reasoning I don’t know what is. Incidentally, scientific laws are not the issue Dr. Bahnses has raised but the laws of logic.
Therefore, the Naturalistic world view comes up short because it must frame the questions according to its presuppositions in order to answer them coherently though it denies doing so. Calling logic a convention (a consensus or agreement among men or societies) it makes the foundation of its universal claims the limited capability of individuals who agree on the minute information they have been able to observe. It is, in reality, a leap of faith.
3) Establish the “Biblical Worldview. So, what then does the Bible Believing Christians have to say on the matter? Dr. Bahnsen tells Dr. Stein in cross examination,
…the statement that the laws of logic are intelligible within a Christian theistic universe has meaning because there are things which are, in fact, spiritual, immaterial, and have a universal quality, such as God’s thinking, and those standards that He imposes on people.
And so, again we can at least metaphysically make sense of invariant abstract entities in one universe, whereas we can’t makes sense of the at all in the other. (pg. 27)
As Christians, we also have a world view that is based upon presuppositions. One difference is that we admit that we are biased and do not pretend neutrality. The other is that Christian presuppositions better relate to and explain our experience as beings in the universe. As a matter of fact, they are the only ones that can make sense of the universe. They are the only ones that can provide an ought. Dr. Bahnsen uses what is called the Transcendental Argument for the existence of God in order demonstrate this. Frame defines it as; “an argument that seeks to show the necessary conditions for the possibility of rational thought or meaningful discourse.” (A Van Til Glossary) The argument is basically that without God you cannot have a rational discussion. He is the basis of logic and knowledge and so even to argue against His existence, you have to act like He is there, you have to use the logic and knowledge that He supplies.
How is this argument presented? First of all by demonstrating the impossibility of the contrary. This is what Bahnsen has done in showing Dr. Stein that a “materialistic” or naturalistic universe cannot account for logic and its laws. They simply say that they are, or that they appear to be. This refutes the idea that Empirical study of nature can authoritatively say that it is, in itself, sufficient to explain the universe because it must assume things that cannot be demonstrated by its own rules. Thus its very claim, that it is the explanation for knowing and understanding the universe, falls apart at the most basic level. If they will acknowledge this dilemma, then we are able to examine the same concepts with Christian presuppositions and in doing so, we are able to account for knowledge and logic that corresponds with the reality that we live in. John Frame puts it this way, “Apologists have often noted that we could not know the world at all unless it had been designed for knowledge. If the world were nothing but matter, motion, time, and chance, we would have no reason to think that the ideas in our heads told us anything about the real world.” (Transcendental Arguments) This is not just “Christian” thinking on the matter. Secular and atheistic philosophers have arrived at the similar conclusions. Assuming that the universe is purely “natural” they have concluded that we can only know what we know by personal experience. Dr. Bahnsen mentions this in one of the cross examinations and gets virtually no response from Dr. Stein; “ Hume suggested that there was no rational basis for expecting the future to be like the past, in which case Science is based simply on convention or habits of thought.” (pg. 28) Frame refers to this concept as “Subjectivism” on page 119 of his Doctrine of the Knowledge of God. He says, “Thus it seems that all knowledge claims are psychological states, and each of us evaluates those claims by a wide of range highly personal, individual criteria. There is no “objective” truth, truth that is publicly accessible by universally accepted criteria; that is there is only truth for the individual.”
Naturalism leaves us floating in a dark abyss. It turns the things that we, as creatures in the image of God, hold most dear into illusion. Knowledge, logic, morality, justice and even beauty, honor and love are just chemical reactions in the brains of cosmic collections of chemicals that have, by the remotest of chance, achieved consciousness. Ultimately we are left with a meaningless existence. Some have held to their atheism so much that once they realize this they say that this is the reality that we must live with. We can pretend otherwise, but that is all we can do if we choose not to accept this fact. On the other hand, as Christians, we have a Personal God who interacts with His creation. Yet, we have a transcendent God who is wholly other from the creation and who Governs it according to His own sovereign will. He is an omniscient, logical, moral, just, beautiful, honorable and loving God who imposes these things which we experience on His creation. These are things which we cannot divorce ourselves from because we are made in His image. This is the more coherent and only complete explanation for the world as we know it. It allows for ideas like logic and uniformity and a basis for true knowledge that aligns with nature and experience. It allows us to reason from that knowledge and make real conclusions that are meaningful.
My Friend’s Enigma
The question posed to my friend was essentially this. Is it possible, as in the Genesis account of creation, to have the plants live from day three when they were created to day four when the sun was created if it intended to be taken as actual history?
The earth brought forth vegetation, plants yielding seed according to their own kinds, and trees bearing fruit in which is their seed, each according to its kind. And God saw that it was good. And there was evening and there was morning, the third day. And God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night. And let them be for signs and for seasons, and for days and years, and let them be lights in the expanse of the heavens to give light upon the earth.” And it was so. And God made the two great lights–the greater light to rule the day and the lesser light to rule the night–and the stars. And God set them in the expanse of the heavens to give light on the earth, to rule over the day and over the night, and to separate the light from the darkness. And God saw that it was good. And there was evening and there was morning, the fourth day. (Gen 1:12-19 ESV)
Given the description above of the third and fourth days of creation according to the Genesis account, is it possible in such circumstances to have the plants live from day three to day four when the sun was created? Remembering our method from above first we remember that the questioner is trying to suppress the truth of God as His Creator.
Next we must show the him that he is not being neutral with his question as he assumes that he is. The only reason to ask this particular question is due to the presupposition that a naturalistic, empirical interpretation of data is the only right way to approach any alleged “fact.” After all, this is the intellectual air we breathe as people living in the 21st century and we think this way without questioning the basis of our thinking. It is obvious by the way the question is framed because of what it implies; i.e., Is it possible based on what we know (or think we do) about nature as we observe it…? So the questioner is imposing his world view onto the question without questioning the foundation of that world view. He is treating the origin of the universe like a box of crackers in the pantry even though he knows he cannot open the door and look at it.
Next, we need to show our questioner where his logic ultimately leads. If in fact, God did create the universe as described in Genesis, do we need to force these naturalistic assumptions on that act? I would say, absolutely not. That is not to say that natural process and empirical evaluations are not the standard of what we experience today. They are. But as we have seen above, they cannot explain anything that is universally true or that is either future or distant past because those things cannot be observed. They cannot give us any ethical information either, because data can only give us what is and not what ought to be, because by definition things must be observed in order to be acknowledged. In order to say anything more, we would really have to set our minds in the place of God and base knowledge and truth on what we can perceive with our senses and conceive with our brains. This is, of course, the natural bias of the fallen human person, to suppress the truth that God reveals to us through His creation which we are a part of.
Being unable to account for universal concepts through naturalism and empiricism, we cannot account for our method because it is either based on unobservable data (unqualified presuppositions) or the use of forbidden “circular reasoning” if we claim the source of knowledge to be the result of our method. Therefore, our questioner’s presupposition that God is forced to act according to naturalistic standards is, in itself a leap of faith. He assumes because God did something that he cannot understand that God must not really exist. Yet, he is willing to assume a lot of other stuff which he cannot account for, like the reality of his powers of observation and his own rational ability to assess the viability of his theories. This really smacks of arrogance.
The world either came from someplace or it has always existed. Even the most naturalistic of scientists believe that it began at a point in time (i.e. about 13.75 Billion Years ago). The biggest problem with taking the naturalistic path to explaining its origin is that, even in that case it requires some processes that are not “naturally” occurring today. Does life come from the non-living today? It certainly has not been observed. Some scientists ascribe the origin of life to the mutations of crystals or even the deposits of aliens (though they do not say where alien life came from). Evolutionist Richard Dawkins and others state these as viable possibilities in the documentary Expelled – No Intelligence Allowed.
The question then arises, Is it possible for the non-living and non-personal to generate the living and personal. Due to the limits of empiricism, scientifically speaking, the answer is an obvious “No.” Science has never observed anything like this. Therefore the naturalist resorts to the anthropic principal, i.e. “it must have because, after all, here we are!” His circular reasoning betrays his biased refusal to believe that there is someone in the universe who is greater and wiser than he is. If it is so, that everything that happens in the universe is a product of random chance, the chance results of the random motions of matter in space and time, he cannot account for anything more than he can observe. Personality and all that it implies is an illusion. Love, honor, justice, happiness, beauty, are absolutely meaningless. There is no cogency to the data that we have in the universe because we can never accumulate enough of it to make what we know certain. The naturalist really has no sound explanation for the existence or origin of the universe, only an, “it must have because it is and we are certain that God didn’t do it.” That is not an honest answer. It is an answer that assumes far more than it gives evidence for.
Finally, what is our answer from the Christian perspective? On the other hand, If the Christian presuppositions are followed, they lead us to the powerful and intelligent Creator who made the universe to reveal Himself to it and through it. He made man in His image and not only reveals Himself through the created order, but in the very heart, mind and conscience of man. This is not just a fairy tale, or as Dr. Stein calls it, a “Wishing Makes It So” kind of thing (The Great Debate, pg. 9). It is an explanation that not only allows us to see how plants could exist for a day without the sun (God has the power to make it so), but also how we can accumulate knowledge of the universe that actually accounts for the way things are even though we have a minute fragment of the data which the universe contains. We don’t know everything, but we know the One who does. We also know that He reveals to us what we learn so that it is part of His complete whole. His omniscient mind imposes this knowledge and the logic to make conclusions from it onto His creation and onto the minds of men who are made in His image. As we discover truth about the universe we are actually thinking God’s thoughts after Him. We have a basis for our knowledge that is outside of our finite minds. Other aspects of His image are also revealed to us, like love, honor, justice, etc. and we know by experience that these are a part of who we are.
This will probably not force any one to simply surrender and fall on their knees before the Holy God. Until a man admits that he is the enemy of God who willingly suppresses the truth of God as it is revealed to him, he will continue to live as though God does not exist. We can take the roof off of his proud assessment of his own knowledge and ability and show him its emptiness, but God must grant him repentance and acknowledgment of his rebellion.
We must remember that it is our job to give them a reasonable answer and to live in such a way as commends the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Most men are willing to live in the dark abyss of meaninglessness rather than bow the knee to their Creator. They will be accountable for whatever light God has given them. Therefore our final appeal is not to their intellect, but to their conscience; to show them that as they explain God away by setting their own minds up in the place of God, they are like the child who sits on his father’s lap and slaps him in the face. They could not do so if he did not support them. They know their Heavenly Father because they are made in His image. The futility of their own power has been shown as they use the tools of logic, science and morality which God has given them to argue that He does not exist. Yet, in the midst of that rebellion, the God who created them offers to redeem them. He has sent His Only Son into the world of rebels to take the penalty of their rebellion upon Himself and establish them in their proper place as His creation. Only by His grace will they leave their rebellion and embrace Him as the Meaning and Source of all things.
It is my hope that pointing out man’s natural bent to suppress God’s truth which is evident to him through creation, dispelling the skeptic’s mythical notions of neutrality and then running both the naturalist and Christian world views out to their logical conclusions will be a simple yet helpful model to aid the “common” Christian in his discussions with his unbelieving friends and neighbors. It is my prayer that it strengthens my Brothers and Sisters in Christ in seeing the impossibility of accounting for anything without the God of the Bible. Also, that it may be used as a tool of God in the hands of some to humble proud sinners. For God resists the proud but gives grace to the humble (1 Peter 5:5). Finally, that through humbling those sinners, by the grace of God, to bring them to the place of submission to Him and acceptance of His offer of the Gospel.
Works Cited
Bahnsen, Greg, and Gordon Stein. The Great Debate. N.p.: bellevuechristian.org, 1985. all. Web. 20 Dec. 2011.
Calvin John, Calvin’s Commentaries. Grand Rapids, MI. Calvin Seminary. Web.
Frame, John. The Doctrine of the Knowledge of God. Phillipsburg, NJ. Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co. 1987. Print.
Frame, John. A Van Til Glossary. N.p.: frame-poythress.org, 2000. N. pag. frame-poythress.org. Web. 20 Dec. 2011.
Frame, John. Transcendental Arguments. N.p.: frame-poythress.org, 2005. N. pag. frame-poythress.org. Web. 20 Dec. 2011.
Frame, John. Unregenerate Knowledge of God. N.p.: frame-poythress.org, 2005. N. pag. frame-poythress.org. Web. 20 Dec. 2011.
Linder, Douglas O. Steven Weinberg on Religion and Science. Kansas City: University of Missouri – Kansas City, 2005. N. pag. University of Missouri – Kansas City. Web. 17 Jan. 2012.
Schaff, Philip. History of the Christian Church. Revised ed. Vol. 1. Grand Rapids, MI: Christian Classics Ethereal Library, 2005. N. pag. 8 vols. Calvin College. Web. 19 Dec. 2011.
1bible.org defines apologetics as follows: The word “apologetics” derives from the Greek word apologia, which was originally used of a speech of defense or an answer given in reply. In ancient Athens it referred to a defense made in the courtroom as part of the normal judicial procedure. After the accusation, the defendant was allowed to refute the charges with a defense or reply (apologia). The accused would attempt to “speak away” (apo—away, logia—speech) the accusation.1 The classic example of such an apologia was Socrates’ defense against the charge of preaching strange gods, a defense retold by his most famous pupil, Plato, in a dialogue called The Apology (in Greek, hē apologia).

Sunday, January 15, 2012

What is the Fear of the Lord?

Have you ever asked yourself whether you would be able to stand in the face of persecution? Every week we pray for Christians around the world who are suffering for their faith. This week in our Voice of the Martyrs prayer update we read of a pastor who lost an eye when Islamic extremists threw acid in his face for his evangelism efforts. We also read of a church in China that meets outside because the police discourage those who would rent them a space from  doing do. Yet they continue to meet outside, year around, facing persecution and inclement weather.

What is the Fear of the Lord? – SERMON AUDIO

For the people of God, facing persecution is nothing new! Since 64 AD and even before it has been going on. Peter tells his readers in Asia Minor exactly this as he writes to them at that time;
1 Peter 4:12-13  Beloved, do not think it strange concerning the fiery trial which is to try you, as though some strange thing happened to you;  13  but rejoice to the extent that you partake of Christ’s sufferings, that when His glory is revealed, you may also be glad with exceeding joy.
Yet even before this, the people of God were persecuted and threatened with extinction. All the way back in Exodus, about 1,500 years bef0re Peter’s time, we see that Pharaoh had very strong ideas about what he would like to see happen to them;
Exodus 1:8-14  Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.  9  And he said to his people, “Look, the people of the children of Israel are more and mightier than we;  10  come, let us deal shrewdly with them, lest they multiply, and it happen, in the event of war, that they also join our enemies and fight against us, and so go up out of the land.”  11  Therefore they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh supply cities, Pithom and Raamses.  12  But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew. And they were in dread of the children of Israel.  13  So the Egyptians made the children of Israel serve with rigor.  14  And they made their lives bitter with hard bondage–in mortar, in brick, and in all manner of service in the field. All their service in which they made them serve was with rigor.
Despite his greatest efforts, the children of Israel grew stronger and increased their number. That is when he stepped things up to the most despicable of actions against them.
Exodus 1:15-16  Then the king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives, of whom the name of one was Shiphrah and the name of the other Puah;  16  and he said, “When you do the duties of a midwife for the Hebrew women, and see them on the birthstools, if it is a son, then you shall kill him; but if it is a daughter, then she shall live.”
Pharaoh was the most powerful man in the known world at this time. He was regarded as a god among his people and was king over the mightiest empire in the land.  He simply told the midwives what to do and I am certain that he was not used to being ignored. Yet.
Exodus 1:17-18  17  But the midwives feared God, and did not do as the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the male children alive.  18  So the king of Egypt called for the midwives and said to them, “Why have you done this thing, and saved the male children alive?”
These women stood against the most fearsome king in the world and refused to do his bidding. But we read, “But the midwives feared God….” They did not respect the power of the great king when it was compared to the power of their God. They had seen Him multiply His people in the midst of their enslavement. I believe that they knew the promise of God to Abraham, to multiply his descendents. They had been faithful to protect and care for his offspring, faithful to their people and to their God. Fear really comes down to respect of power. We can fear men or we can fear God. With the fear of God also comes honor of His Person.
I believe that these ladies were faithful and feared God (respected His power and His Person) in the small things from day to day. When the day came for them to be tested, by the grace of God, they passed! Their faithfulness to His faithfulness allowed the covenant people of God to continue until the one who would redeem those people was born (See Exodus 3). God’s timing impeccable! So, to answer that question about standing in the face of persecution. If I was the pastor who’s eye was burned out by acid would I continue to preach the Gospel? If I had to go to church outside because the local government refused to allow me a place to worship, would I show up? If the government ordered me to perform an immoral act, could I refuse like Shiphrah and Puah? The Grace of God is at the heart of it, yet, our own faithfulness our “fear of God” will also play a part. If we are not faithful in the little things that we encounter day by day, I do not believe we have much to hope for on that day.
There is much more to be said on the subject. I encourage you to listen to the sermon audio by clicking the link below to hear it. Before I stop typing this out, I need to ask you, how are you doing in the little things? Are you faithful when the world tries to impose itself on you? Do you fear men and their opinions or do you fear the Lord?

What is the Fear of the Lord? – SERMON AUDIO

In Christ!
Kevin

Friday, January 13, 2012

Accusations and Elders 1 Timothy 5:17-25

Back in October of 2011, I began to cover 1 Timothy 3 where Paul gives the offices and the qualifications for those offices that God has ordained to govern the Church.  How Does the Church Relate to its Pastor? has been a pretty popular post as it explores the nature of the office of Pastor. Paul gives us a little more insight into this relationship as he encourages young Pastor Timothy in Chapter 5.
Accusations and Elders – LESSON AUDIO
Here, he tells Timothy that churches should honor their pastors. ( as we noted in the study from 1 Timothy 3:1, Elder, Bishop (Overseer) and Pastor are interchangeable terms for the same office. See post What is a Bishop?)
1 Timothy 5:17-18  Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine.  18  For the Scripture says, “YOU SHALL NOT MUZZLE AN OX WHILE IT TREADS OUT THE GRAIN,” and, “THE LABORER IS WORTHY OF HIS WAGES.”
Honor, as noted in the previous post in 1 Timothy 5:1-16, is respect and care. Here it is equated with paying the pastor for what he does. He says the same thing only with a little more gusto as he addresses the church at Corinth;
1 Corinthians 9:7-11  Who ever goes to war at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard and does not eat of its fruit? Or who tends a flock and does not drink of the milk of the flock?  8  Do I say these things as a mere man? Or does not the law say the same also?  9  For it is written in the law of Moses, “YOU SHALL NOT MUZZLE AN OX WHILE IT TREADS OUT THE GRAIN.” Is it oxen God is concerned about?  10  Or does He say it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt, this is written, that he who plows should plow in hope, and he who threshes in hope should be partaker of his hope.  11  If we have sown spiritual things for you, is it a great thing if we reap your material things?
It would seem that any Christian who knows what his pastor puts in to serving his flock would not need any encouragement to take care of him. Unfortunately this is not so. Pastors who do their job work very hard. They do not work for one hour a week as some like to pretend, but study, pray, teach, counsel, visit the sick and care for those in need. They much like a mom with a really large family. You know the saying, “Man may work from sun to sun, but woman’s work is never done.” This goes for the pastor as well. Yet there are some in most fellowships who disregard or even despise him. Therefore, Paul must also exhort Timothy in this way.
1 Timothy 5:19  Do not receive an accusation against an elder except from two or three witnesses.
This is not to say that there are never pastors in sin. Certainly there are and unfortunately we have no shortage of examples in American Evangelicalism. This is also not to say that pastors who are in sin should not be held accountable. The next few verses shed some light on this.
1 Timothy 5: 20-22  Those who are sinning rebuke in the presence of all, that the rest also may fear.  21  I charge you before God and the Lord Jesus Christ and the elect angels that you observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing with partiality.  22  Do not lay hands on anyone hastily, nor share in other people’s sins; keep yourself pure.
The “those who are sinning” in verse 20, I believe most likely applies to a false accuser. The reason is that the words used here are taken from Deuteronomy 19 where Paul derives his teaching on the subject.
Deuteronomy 19:15-20  “One witness shall not rise against a man concerning any iniquity or any sin that he commits; by the mouth of two or three witnesses the matter shall be established.  16  If a false witness rises against any man to testify against him of wrongdoing,  17  then both men in the controversy shall stand before the LORD, before the priests and the judges who serve in those days.  18  And the judges shall make careful inquiry, and indeed, if the witness is a false witness, who has testified falsely against his brother,  19  then you shall do to him as he thought to have done to his brother; so you shall put away the evil from among you.  20  And those who remain shall hear and fear, and hereafter they shall not again commit such evil among you.
I don’t what to give it all away here and I am sure that that the post is getting a bit long for some. Suffice it to say that though God commands it, many in the church do not give their pastor the respect and care that their job deserves. It is sad but not unexpected. Pray for you pastor! Demonstrate to him that you really care and unless you know that he is in sin, don’t gossip or accuse. Those are God’s orders, not mine.

Accusations and Elders – LESSON AUDIO

In Christ!
Kevin